The Philippines
The Land
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The Philippines is an archipelagic nation made up of 7,107 islands spanning 1,840 kilometers north to south. It is part of the East Indies, a vast island group lying south and east of mainland Asia, with Taiwan at its northernmost coast and Borneo on the south. The three main Philippine Island groups are Luzon, the Visayas and Mindanao.
Luzon is the island of contrasts. The most modern districts in the Philippines, including the capital city of Manila, are in Luzon, but so are some of the oldest tribal communities in the nation like the Ifugao of the Cordilleras. Luzon is also where a visitor can see the latest model luxury cars overtaking a carabao sled or modern skyscrapers within driving distance of primordial volcanoes.
The Visayas is famous for its charm, a trait shared by many other southern regions in the world, but here seems to run deeper among a people who are intrinsically connected to their sun soaked island home. The Visayas is also famous as a seat of history, being one of the earliest landfalls of western voyagers. It has also gained a reputation as being a cradle of the nation's future, if the unprecedented economic growth of Cebu City continues.
Mindanao is our offering to the Guinness Book of Records with the world's largest clam, the world's largest Eagle, the nation's highest peak and the world's largest city. Mindanao is also home to the Philippines' Muslim population.
With a landmass of 300, 780 square kilometers, the Philippines is considered a medium-sized nation, about two- thirds the size of its first colonizer, Spain, and a little larger than the British Isles. Manila is only one hour and 40 minutes from Hong Kong by jet; Sydney only 7 1/2 hours away. Flights to Europe take 17 hours and to the American west coast 15 hours.
The Philippines has many things to offer the visitor: a mixture of the old and the new, a diversity of art and culture and a warm, friendly people. Blessed by nature, the Philippines have something to offer every sportsman too . . . extraordinary dive sites, forests to roam, mountains to climb and caves to explore.
Brief History
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Situated on the crossroads of Asia, on the eastern rim of the China Sea, the Philippines have hosted voyagers, migrants and traders since the dawn of history. That it was the center of lively Asian trade route that stretched all the way to China and Japan can be seen from the relics these early visitors left behind. Among our archaeological treasures is a Neolithic spirit boat typical of early Southeast Asian culture.
The West discovered the Philippines when Ferdinand Magellan, the Portuguese explorer who sailed for Spain, landed in Cebu in 1521. However, colonization didn't actually begin until 1565, when Miguel Lopez de Legazpi established a Spanish base in the town of Manila.
Because Philippine society was loosely organized, without a central government, the Spanish conquest was rapid and total. Only the Muslims in the south and some inaccessible hill tribes were able to resist Spanish influence. Along with the Spanish conquerors came a new religion, Christianity, a new language, new laws and the galleon trade.
Despite several uprisings against Spain, including the Katipunan, a revolutionary movement inspired by Dr. Jose Rizal and led by Andres Bonifacio, it was the United States of America that broke the Spaniard's grip on the Philippines. Unfortunately, that began the nation's second period of colonization. Once again there was resistance, this time led by Emilio Aguinaldo; but his rag-tag army was no match for Admiral Dewey's forces. In 1901, with Aguinaldo's capture, the Americans were entrenched.
The Americans brought over their educational system, their legal system and planted the seeds of their own style of government. In 1935, the Philippines became an American commonwealth country with Manuel Luis Quezon as president. The status quo ended with the Japanese Occupation; and it wasn't until 1946, after the end of the pacific war, that the Philippines finally regained true independence as the Republic of the Philippines under the presidency of Manuel Roxas. Still one of the strongest democracies in Asia, the current president is Joseph Ejercito Estrada.
The People
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Halo-halo is a Filipino word that means mixture. While it describes a popular dessert, it could also describe the Filipinos. They look like Asians, write and speak English like Americans, worship like Spaniards, and have an outlook that is international.
Like the Southern Chinese, the Thai, Malay, Indonesian and Burmese, the modern-day Filipino traces his remotest genetic lines back to an Australoid and Mongoloid stock. You will also find a touch of Caucasian, Chinese, Indian and Arabic in their gene pool as well. But to truly understand the Filipino, you have to look at the land. The historic isolation between islands and the topographic isolation on each island, become the primary influence governing regional traits and societal behavior.
This diversity makes Filipinos all the more interesting. However, what is apparent isn't how different they are from each other, but rather how alike they are. Brought together by a common history, and looking forward to a common future, it is not surprising to find a sharing of certain traits. Their warmth, graciousness and hospitality-all part of the Filipino psyche-will make your stay a delight.
Language
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While there are over 100 regional languages in the Philippines, the national language is Filipino, with English as the most widely spoken second language. All business, governmental and legal transactions are conducted in English.
Visa
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If you are coming from America, Asia or Europe with a valid passport, and either a return ticket or a ticket to another destination outside the Philippines you may enter without a formal visa and stay for 21 days. If you wish to stay longer you must obtain a Visa Extension either before your trip from a Philippine Consulate or Embassy. Or, once here, you may obtain it from the Bureau of Immigration.
Custom
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Upon Arriving: Visitors are allowed to bring in duty free personal belongings, two cartons of cigarettes or two tins of pipe tobacco and up to one liter of alcohol. Balikbayans have separate rules and should check with the Embassy or Consulate in their home city.
You may bring in unlimited amount of foreign currency.
Upon Leaving: Any antiques you may have acquired during your stay must be accompanied by a certificate from the National Museum. Also, you may not take more than PhP5,000.00 (five thousand Philippine pesos) out of the country.
Currency
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The currency in the Philippines is the Peso (PhP) and the Centavo. 100 centavos = P1. Coin denominations are: 1, 5, 10, and 25 centavos, P1, and P5. Bill denominations are: 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1,000 pesos.
Foreign currency may be exchanged at your hotel, and in most of the large department stores, banks and authorized money changing shops. Exchanging money anywhere else is illegal and the laws are strictly enforced.
Most large stores, restaurants, hotels and resorts accept major credit cards including American Express, Visas and MasterCard. Traveler's checks preferably American Express are accepted at hotels and large department stores. Personal checks drawn on foreign banks are generally not accepted.
Weather
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The Philippines is tropical with just two seasons-hot and dry from November to June, and rainy from July to October. Filipinos will tell you that it is cool from December through February and they themselves will wear jackets.
Clothing
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People in the Philippines dress for the weather (HOT!) Casual attire during the day for women are light blouses and shorts. For men collared T- shirts worn over slacks. In the evening skirts are substituted for shorts and the T-shirts are tucked in.
For Men Only: If you expect to have to attend any occasion, which would usually, require a jacket and a tie (which is a torture in this weather) there is a wonderful substitute. Go immediately to a department store and buy a Barong Tagalog. It is an embroidered shirt that is considered a formal dress. It will cost about PhP1,000.00, but it is worth every centavo.
Utilities
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Electricity is 220 VAC. Many of the major tourist hotels also have 110 VAC outlets.
Water supply in Metro Manila and in all the other major cities is considered potable. Bottled purified water, spring water or mineral water is often supplied by hotels and resorts, and sold in all grocery stores.
Telephone service is modern and you can direct dial anywhere in the world. Public phones are plentiful. Public phones require a minimum of two one-peso coins for a local call.
Some Important Telephone Numbers: (24-Hour Hotline)
Police & Fire: 757 or 116
Emergence No.: 501- 650 or 501- 728
Directory Assistance: 114
National Operator: 109
International Operator: 108
Direct Dialing Assistance: 112
NOTE:
-For other emergency numbers, please refer to Directory.
-It is advisable to always have the telephone number and the address of your embassy or consulate with you.
Newspaper and Other Media
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The newspapers in the Philippines have been called the freest in the world, as you will see for yourself, with more than 24 different morning papers to choose from, most of them in English. There is also a wide selection of magazines printed in English including Time, Newsweek and Asiaweek. In Metro Manila you can buy the Asian Wall Street Journal, The International Herald Tribune and USA Today.
Television is "on the air" from early morning to midnight, showing American programming as well as local programming. The standard channels are 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13, and 23. If you need more channels, most of the major hotels are with Cable TV bringing in TV programs from all over the world.
There is also AM and FM radio broadcasting with the pop stations primarily on AM in Filipino and the English language programs on FM.
Business Hours
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Most businesses are open from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM weekdays and 8:00 AM till noon Saturdays.
Banks are open from 9:00 AM till 3:00 PM Mondays through Fridays. When banking in the Philippines, it is advisable to have your passport with you for identification.
The post offices are open from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM weekdays only. Local postage is PhP 4.00 for a standard letter and PhP 16.00 for letters to America and Europe. Stamps for postcards are frequently available from the Concierge Desk at most major hotels. The Philippines uses ZIP codes, please include them in addressing local mail.
NOTE: The Standard lunch hour is noon to 1:00 PM. Most businesses and government offices are closed.
Getting Around
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There are four modes of public transport in Metro Manila and surprisingly, they are easy to use.
Buses. Both air-conditioned and regular buses travel all the major routes in Metro Manila except Roxas Boulevard. On an air-con bus a short ride costs PhP 8.00, adding PhP 2.00 for every succeeding kilometer. The regular bus' minimum fare is PhP 3.00, with an additional PhP1.00 for every succeeding kilometer. Just tell the conductor where you are going and he will tell you how much it costs. Keep your bus receipt as it is your proof of payment.
Jeepneys. Called "folk arton wheels," jeepneys ply most of Manila's secondary roads and even a few major thoroughfares. They're as much fun to ride on as they are to look at and you have to try one. Although there are regular stops, you can often just flag one down and hop on. Call out "bayad" (bah-yhad) and pay the driver. If you are too far back, pass your PhP 4.00 (minimum fare for the first 4 kilometers; 50 centavos additional for every succeeding 500 meters) down. When you are ready to get off, call out "para" (pah-rah); wait till he slows down and jump.
The LRT. It's the fastest, cheapest way to go. The PhP 10.00-worth token takes you from Monumento (the northern end of Edsa) to Baclaran, travelling first along Rizal Avenue and then Taft Avenue. Many of the tourist maps have the route of the LRT marked.
Taxis. Air-conditioned taxis cost PhP25.00 on the meter and an additional PhP 2.00 is added for every succeeding 200 meters. To the final cost. Non-air-conditioned taxis do not ply anymore. Taxis are always lined up at the major hotels and tourist restaurants and can be hailed on the street. If you take a taxi, make sure the driver turns on the meter. If he gives you a story that it is broken, get out and take another taxi. Unless you are taking a long trip or the traffic is unusually horrible, most taxi rides should be well under P100. At least a 10% tip is expected.
OTHER MODES OF TRANSPORT
Most of the major car rental agencies, including AVIS, Budget, and Hertz have offices in Metro Manila and carry a full line of vehicles from jeeps to limousines. All vehicles may be rented with or without a driver. If you wish to do your own driving you must have a valid foreign or international license.
Inter-island transportation is provided by either airplane or ferryboat. Philippine Airlines services 43 major provincial airports. Cebu Pacific, Asian Spirit, Air Philippines, and Pacific Airways are smaller carriers servicing more remote tourist destinations. For information about boat schedules, check with the Department of Tourism on TM Kalaw Street, Manila (63-2-5267652, 5267653, 5267655).
Other Facts & Information
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WEATHER CONDITIONS & GEOGRAPHY
Climate: Tropical (two seasons)
Dry Season: March-May (warm) 33-34o C
Wet Season: June-October (monsoonal), November-February (coolest) 29-31o C
Coastline: 334,539 km.
Terrain: Many of the islands in the Philippines are extinct volcanoes and atolls. On the larger islands, many mountains, rainforests, rich valleys and swamp regions. The Philippines still does have thermal activity consisting of active volcanoes and hot springs.
SIGHTSEEING
Castle Manila
A replica mid 19th Century house, recreating the Intramuros lifestyle of upper class Filipinos at this time.
Corner Real and General Lunar Streets,
Intramuros, Manila. Luzon.
Chocolate Hills
Bohol's most famous attraction: the area is named thus, because of the rich grass, which covers them, turns brown in summer.
Carmen Town, Bohol. Visayas.
Colo'n Street
The oldest street in the Philippines located in the heart of Cebu.
Cebu. Visayas.
Nagcarlan Underground Cemetery
The only underground cemetery in the Philippines; it served as a meeting place for the revolutionary leaders in Laguna.
Laguna. Luzon.
Magellan's Cross
The most historically famous landmark in Cebu. Planted by Ferdinand Magellan in 1521, it marks the place where the first Christian Filipinos were baptized.
Cebu. Visayas.
PARKS & WILDLIFE
Katibawasan Falls
These 250-foot falls cascade down to a pool surrounded by orchids and other rich tropical flora- 4 km from Mambajao.
Camiguin, Mindinao.
Maquinit Hot Springs
Located on a scenic beach corner, this is the premium hot spring in the Philippines.
Palawan, Luzon.
Hidden Valley
A natural recluse is created within this 90-meter crater. A haven for lush jungle life, natural springs and still water pools. Accommodation available.
Alaminos, Laguna. Luzon.
Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife
Quezon Avenue, Quezon City. Luzon.
Rizal Memorial Park
Within the lush park there are monuments, a skating rink and adventure playground. Free concerts every Sunday.
Ermita, Manila. Luzon.
MUSEUMS AND ART GALLERIES
Ateneo Art Gallery Quezon City
Metropolitan Museum of Manila
Tel: (02) 832-3645
Villa Escudero San Pablo City
Quezon City Tel: (02) 521-8698
VISAS AND PASSPORTS
Visa and Passport
No Visas are required for foreigners entering the country for a stay no longer than 21 days provided that you have valid passports and tickets to leave the Philippines. Visas are required only for stateless persons and citizens of countries with which the Philippines have no diplomatic relations. A temporary visitor's visa is required for those who are planning to stay up to 59 days. Vaccination certificates may be necessary for long-term stays. Holders of Hong Kong and Taiwan passports need special permits. All visas and permits may be obtained from Philippine embassies and consulates.
Duty Free Items
Two 1-litre bottles of alcohol and two cartons of cigarettes are allowed.
AIR TRAVEL TO THE COUNTRY
Ninoy Aquino International Airport
Ninoy Aquino Avenue
Manila, Philippines: (02) 832-2938
Mactan International Airport
Cebu, Philippines: (02) 831-4006
(Most major airlines have flights to the country).
Further Information
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Department of Tourism:
TM Kalaw Street, Rizal Park
Metro Manila, P.O. Box 3451
Tel: (02) 526-7652, 526-7653, 526-7655
Philippine Convention and Visitors Corporation:
4th Floor, Suites 10-17
Legaspi Towers, 300 Roxas Boulevard
Metro Manila, P.O. Box EA-459
Tel: (02) 525-6635, 525-7268, 525-7312
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